\u7f8e\u56fd\u5bf9\u4f0a\u6717\u5236\u88c1\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u771f\u6b63\u628a\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u8e22\u51fa\u56fd\u9645\u91d1\u878d\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u5904\u7f5a\u90a3\u4e9b\u5e2e\u52a9\u88ab\u5236\u88c1\u5b9e\u4f53\u7684\u91d1\u878d\u673a\u6784\u8981\u6709\u6548\u5f97\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n
\u963f\u5229\u65af\u6cf0\u5c14\u2022\u7c73\u5c14\u6069(Alistair Milne)\u662f\u62c9\u592b\u5821\u5927\u5b66(Loughborough University)\u6559\u6388\u548c\u652f\u4ed8\u7814\u7a76\u4e13\u5bb6\u3002\u5728\u672c\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c06\u4ee5\u7f8e\u56fd\u5bf9\u4f0a\u6717\u7684\u5236\u88c1\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u9610\u8ff0\u4e3a\u4f55\u4ec5\u4ec5\u628a\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u7684\u94f6\u884c\u6392\u9664\u5728\u73af\u7403\u94f6\u884c\u95f4\u91d1\u878d\u901a\u4fe1\u534f\u4f1a(SWIFT)\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u5c06\u5176\u6392\u9664\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u91d1\u878d\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e4b\u5916\u3002<\/p>\n
\u81ea\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5165\u4fb5\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5f00\u59cb\u7b03\u4fe1\u4e00\u79cd\u5947\u602a\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff1a\u4e0a\u5468\u672b\u516c\u5e03\u7684\u5c06\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u7684\u94f6\u884c\u6392\u9664\u5728SWIFT\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u4f1a\u4ee5\u67d0\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5c06\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u8e22\u51fa\u5168\u7403\u91d1\u878d\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u5bf9\u4f0a\u6717\u91d1\u878d\u5236\u88c1\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u60c5\u51b5\u5e76\u975e\u5982\u6b64\u3002<\/p>\n
\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e00\u76f4\u5bf9\u4f0a\u6717\u5b9e\u65bd\u5236\u88c1\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u65f6\u52a0\u5927\u5236\u88c1\u529b\u5ea6\u3002\u4ece1984\u5e74\u8d77\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u5236\u88c1\u4e3b\u8981\u9488\u5bf9\u4f0a\u6717\u7684\u77f3\u6cb9\u5de5\u4e1a\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u76f4\u52302006\u5e74\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u624d\u5bf9\u4f0a\u6717\u5b9e\u65bd\u5168\u9762\u5236\u88c1\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u7f8e\u56fd\u5b9e\u65bd\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u201c\u6709\u9488\u5bf9\u6027\u7684\u91d1\u878d\u63aa\u65bd\u201d\uff0c\u963b\u6b62\u5916\u56fd\u94f6\u884c\u4e0e\u4f0a\u6717\u8fdb\u884c\u91d1\u878d\u4ea4\u6613\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7f8e\u56fd2010\u5e746\u6708\u901a\u8fc7\u7684\u300a\u4f0a\u6717\u5168\u9762\u5236\u88c1\u3001\u95ee\u8d23\u548c\u64a4\u8d44\u6cd5\u6848\u300b(Comprehensive Iran Sanctions, Accountability, and Divestment Act)\u548c2011\u5e7412\u6708\u901a\u8fc7\u7684\u300a\u56fd\u9632\u6388\u6743\u6cd5\u6848\u300b(National Defense Authorization Act)\u7981\u6b62\u6240\u6709\u7f8e\u4f0a\u91d1\u878d\u4ea4\u6613\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c2011\u5e742\u6708\uff0c\u5df4\u62c9\u514b\u2022\u5965\u5df4\u9a6c(Barack Obama)\u9881\u5e03\u884c\u653f\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u51bb\u7ed3\u4e86\u4f0a\u6717\u653f\u5e9c\u3001\u4f0a\u6717\u592e\u884c(Central Bank of Iran)\u548c\u6240\u6709\u4f0a\u6717\u91d1\u878d\u673a\u6784\u5728\u7f8e\u8d44\u4ea7\u3002\u6b27\u76df\u867d\u7136\u4e0d\u592a\u60c5\u613f\u914d\u5408\u7f8e\u56fd\u5bf9\u4f0a\u91d1\u878d\u5236\u88c1\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd8\u662f\u57282012\u5e741\u6708\u51bb\u7ed3\u4e86\u4f0a\u6717\u592e\u884c\u7684\u8d44\u4ea7\u3002\u5176\u4ed6\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e5f\u7eb7\u7eb7\u6548\u4eff\u3002<\/p>\n
\u76f4\u52302012\u5e743\u6708\uff0c\u4f0a\u6717\u91d1\u878d\u673a\u6784\u624d\u88ab\u8e22\u51faSWIFT\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u7b49\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e48\u4e45\u624d\u63a8\u8fdbSWIFT\u7981\u4ee4\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u6b64\u6cd5\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u662f\u4f18\u5148\u4e8b\u9879\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u4f1a\u7814\u7a76\u670d\u52a1\u5904(Congressional Office of Research)\u66fe\u53d1\u5e03\u4e00\u4efd\u957f\u8fbe100\u9875\u7684\u5bf9\u4f0a\u5236\u88c1\u7efc\u5408\u8bc4\u4f30\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5bf9SWIFT\u7981\u4ee4\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u53ea\u670911\u884c\u5b57\uff0c\u8fd9\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5c06\u4f0a\u6717\u9010\u51faSWIFT\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ece\u6765\u90fd\u4e0d\u662f\u4f18\u5148\u4e8b\u9879\uff0c\u539f\u56e0\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u7f8e\u56fd\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u56fd\u94f6\u884c\u613f\u610f\u5e2e\u5fd9\u5bfb\u6c42\u53d8\u901a\u4e4b\u6cd5\uff0c\u7981\u4ee4\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u6548\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n
SWIFT\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u91d1\u878d\u62a5\u6587\u901a\u4fe1\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u652f\u4ed8\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u4e0e\u652f\u4ed8\u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u91d1\u878d\u62a5\u6587\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8bb8\u591a\u4e0d\u540c\u9014\u5f84\u53d1\u9001\u3002\u5c31\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5176\u94f6\u884c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8f6c\u8d26\u7cfb\u7edfSPFS\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6c\u8d26\uff0c\u8be5\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u57282014\u5e74\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5165\u4fb5\u514b\u91cc\u7c73\u4e9a\u540e\uff0c\u7531\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u592e\u884c(Central Bank of Russia)\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6b27\u4e9a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8054\u76df(Eurasian Economic Union)\u7531\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u3001\u4e9a\u7f8e\u5c3c\u4e9a\u3001\u767d\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u3001\u54c8\u8428\u514b\u65af\u5766\u548c\u5409\u5c14\u5409\u65af\u65af\u5766\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u8be5\u8054\u76df\u5404\u6210\u5458\u56fd\u672c\u56fd\u7684\u94f6\u884c\u6b63\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u5730\u4f7f\u7528SPFS\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u53c9\u8d27\u5e01\u652f\u4ed8\u3002\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5ba3\u79f0\uff0c2020\u5e74\uff0c\u8be5\u7cfb\u7edf\u5360\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u56fd\u9645\u652f\u4ed8\u91d1\u878d\u62a5\u6587\u768417%\u3002\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5fb7\u56fd\u548c\u745e\u58eb\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u4fc4\u8d44\u94f6\u884c\u7684\u652f\u884c\u4e5f\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4eba\u6c11\u5e01\u8de8\u5883\u652f\u4ed8\u7cfb\u7edf(CIPS)\uff0c\u8be5\u7cfb\u7edf\u7531\u4e2d\u56fd\u592e\u884c(PBoC)\u4e8e2015\u5e74\u521b\u5efa\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u4eba\u6c11\u5e01\u8de8\u5883\u652f\u4ed8\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u56fd\u5bb6\u90fd\u6709CIPS\u7684\u95f4\u63a5\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662fSWIFT\u3001SPFS\u548cCIPS\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u90fd\u5177\u6709\u7b26\u5408ISO20022\u6807\u51c6\uff08\u300a\u91d1\u878d\u670d\u52a1 \u91d1\u878d\u4e1a\u901a\u7528\u62a5\u6587\u65b9\u6848\u300b\u6807\u51c6\uff09\u7684\u76f8\u540c\u67b6\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n
\u53ea\u8981\u6709\u4e00\u5bb6\u4f1a\u5458\u94f6\u884c\u613f\u610f\u628a\u4f60\u63a5\u5165\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u66ff\u4ee3\u7cfb\u7edf\u91cd\u65b0\u5b89\u6392\u8def\u5f84\u5c31\u50cf\u201c\u5373\u63d2\u5373\u7528\u201d\u4e00\u6837\u7b80\u5355\u3002\u4e07\u4e8b\u8fbe\u5361(Mastercard)\u548cVisa\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e5f\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u652f\u4ed8\u8f6c\u8d26\u3002\u5fc5\u8981\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528WhatsApp\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9WhatsApp\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u6709\u4fe1\u5fc3\u3001\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5b83\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d7\u5230\u9ed1\u5ba2\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u8bdd\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f0a\u6717\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5bf9\u4efb\u4f55\u5e2e\u52a9\u53d7\u5236\u88c1\u56fd\u5bb6\u9003\u907f\u91d1\u878d\u5236\u88c1\u7684\u673a\u6784\u5b9e\u65bd\u8d44\u4ea7\u51bb\u7ed3\u3001\u4ea4\u6613\u7981\u4ee4\u548c\u7f5a\u6b3e\uff0c\u6bd4\u7981\u6b62\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u4f7f\u7528SWIFT\u7cfb\u7edf\u8981\u6709\u6548\u5f97\u591a\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e0a\u5468\u672b\u5ba3\u5e03\u7684\u5bf9\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u592e\u884c\u7684\u4ea4\u6613\u8fdb\u884c\u9650\u5236\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\u3002<\/p>\n
2004\u5e74\u81f32019\u5e74\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5f53\u5c40\u5bf9\u8fdd\u53cd\u5176\u5236\u88c1\u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff08\u4e3b\u8981\u6d89\u53ca\u4f0a\u6717\uff09\u6240\u65bd\u52a0\u7684\u5904\u7f5a\uff0c\u603b\u5171\u8ba9\u897f\u65b9\u94f6\u884c\u635f\u5931\u4e86\u8fd1120\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\u3002<\/p>\n
2015\u5e74\uff0c\u4f0a\u6717\u6838\u534f\u8bae\u5f97\u5230\u7b7e\u7f72\uff0c\u4f0a\u6717\u7684\u94f6\u884c\u88ab\u91cd\u65b0\u6279\u51c6\u63a5\u5165SWIFT\u62a5\u6587\u901a\u4fe1\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u5236\u88c1\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4ecd\u65e0\u6cd5\u4e0e\u4efb\u4f55\u4e3b\u8981\u5916\u56fd\u91d1\u878d\u673a\u6784\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u6613\uff0c\u8fd9\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86SWIFT\u7981\u4ee4\u662f\u65e0\u6548\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5173\u4e8e\u5916\u754c\u5bf9\u7981\u6b62\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4f7f\u7528SWIFT\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u70b9\u8ba9\u4eba\u8d39\u89e3\u3002\u5fb7\u56fd\u8d77\u521d\u5c24\u5176\u4e0d\u613f\u610f\u63a5\u53d7\u8fd9\u4e00\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u62c5\u5fc3\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u4f1a\u4f7f\u5b83\u65e0\u6cd5\u4e3a\u5176\u4e25\u91cd\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u80fd\u6e90\u4e70\u5355\u3002\u8fd9\u70b9\u5c24\u5176\u5947\u602a\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u80fd\u6e90\u516c\u53f8\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u4e86\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u53d8\u901a\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6839\u636eLEI Search\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u53ea\u9700\u5411\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5929\u7136\u6c14\u5de5\u4e1a\u80a1\u4efd\u516c\u53f8(Gazprom)\u5728\u6b27\u6d32\u7ecf\u8425\u7684\u5341\u5bb6\u5b50\u516c\u53f8\u4e4b\u4e00\u652f\u4ed8\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5411Gazprom\u672c\u8eab\u8fdb\u884c\u652f\u4ed8\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u907f\u5f00\u7981\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n
\u80fd\u5f53\u94b1\u7528\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u94b1\u3002\u53ea\u8981\u4e0d\u8fdd\u53cd\u6cd5\u5f8b\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5730\u7684\u94f6\u884c\u90fd\u6709\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u91d1\u878d\u52a8\u529b\u6765\u5e2e\u52a9\u5ba2\u6237\u89c4\u907f\u5236\u88c1\u3002\u6709\u6548\u7684\u91d1\u878d\u5236\u88c1\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u76f8\u5173\u60e9\u7f5a\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u94f6\u884c\u5408\u89c4\u90e8\u95e8\u963b\u6b62\u901a\u8fc7\u5411\u88ab\u5236\u88c1\u5b9e\u4f53\u4ed8\u6b3e\u800c\u8d5a\u94b1\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u3002\u5bf9\u4f0a\u6717\u7684\u5236\u88c1\u662f\u524d\u8f66\u4e4b\u9274\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u897f\u65b9\u771f\u7684\u60f3\u5207\u65ad\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4e0e\u5168\u7403\u91d1\u878d\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u65b9\u6848\u662f\u6700\u597d\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u8def\u7ebf\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6765\u6e90\uff1a\u516c\u4f17\u53f7FT\u4e2d\u6587\u7f51<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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